Romania Flag

Romania

Capital:
Bucharest
Continent:
Europe
Region(s):
Eastern Europe
Largest Cities:
Bucharest, Sector 3, Sector 6
Abbreviation:
ROU

18.9M
Total Population
69
Population Rank
82.15
Density (km²)
-106.5K -0.5%
Annual Population Growth

Population of Romania

Romania's population structure shows a somewhat lower male to female ratio of 0.94 to 1, with a median male age of 41.96 years old and a median female age of 45.82 years old. The highest concentration of adults under 75 years old is in the 56 and 55 year-old age groups, while the lowest concentration is in the 22 and 59 year-old age groups.

Romania Population

Data after 2022 is projected based on recent change

Romania Population Clock

Romania Population*
18,949,166
Births per Day
489
Deaths per Day
703
Emigrations per Day
80
Net Change per Day
294
2025 Population Change*
12,642

* As of 2/12/2025

1 birth

Every 2.9 minutes

1 death

Every 2.0 minutes

1 emigrant

Every 18.0 minutes

1 person

Every 4.9 minutes

Population by City

City
2025 Pop.
Bucharest1,877,155
Sector 3385,439
Sector 6367,760
Sector 2345,370
Iasi318,012
Cluj-Napoca316,748
Timisoara315,053
Craiova304,142
Constanta303,399
Galati294,087

Romania Overview

As of early 2014, the population of Romania was around 21,595,302, a slight decrease from the estimated 21,668,721 in 2013 and from the 2011 population estimates when the figure stood at 21,801,942. Romania’s population is apparently decreasing at a rate of over 0.32% per year. In 2018, this yearly loss rate rose to .50%, indicating a more dramatic decline over the last year. According to historical figures, Romania actually hit its population peak in the early 90s, when there were 23,372,101 people in Romania.

Demographics of Romania

Romania is a small country that is constituted of 84.1% Ethnic Romanians from its total population while a small Hungarian minority makes up 5.4% of the population demographics.

The age structure of Romania is skewed heavily towards its inhabitants in the 25-54 year age group. They make up around 46.3% of the population. The younger generation in the 0-25 year age bracket also has a significant majority in the country with 24.95% of the population growing with them. These are encouraging numbers, which show that Romania has a thriving workforce and an upcoming generation available for its development, provided it can create suitable opportunities for its inhabitants to help develop it further in the long run. Moreover, the population of senior citizens in Romania (people 55 years and over) also make up a significant portion of the country’s population at 27.8%. This population spread also shows that Romania has a very uniform distribution of its population in all age brackets except the 25-54 year olds.

The sex ratio is also uniquely uniform in Romania with the men and the women sharing almost equal numbers in the country. From 0-64 years old, the ratio is slightly tipped in favor of the males. There are 1.06 males for each female, but this changes to almost a 1:1 ratio when we look at the 55-64 year age structure. From 64 years and beyond, the sex ratio is skewed in favor of the women as the ratio then is 0.68 male per 1 female.

All in all, Romania has a roughly equal distribution of males and females in its population, which in turn is very evenly divided among its age groups. With suitable opportunities and economic growth, Romania can certainly develop itself more and enhance its image around the world. It is showing steady signs of improvement over the years, and with an able workforce available at its disposable, it can certainly become a country of much importance in the region.

The official language used is Romanian, with additional use of Hungarian and Romani in some communities.

Romania Religion, Economy and Politics

In terms of religion, although the country is officially secular, over 80% of the population adhere to the Eastern Orthodox, with the Protestant and Roman Catholic sects both coming in with under 10% of the population.

Romania has a diverse and highly skilled labor force and has been doing very well in recent years- ranking as the 40th strongest economy in the world. In addition to their consistent economic growth domestically, Romania has also become a country sought after by foreign investors. The main exports from Romania include vehicles, machinery, chemicals, and electronic products. Their nominal GDP in 2018 was $240 billion US dollars.

Romania Population History

Romania became an independent nation in 1877, after long being run by the Ottoman Empire. The country became a kingdom in 1881. In 1914, King Carol died, ending the country’s alliance with Germany and Austria and Romania joined the Allied forces in World War I. At the end of the war, a peace agreement was made that almost doubled the population of Romania in 1918. An earthquake killed 1500 in the city of Bucharest in 1977. The rate of growth began declining from 1% around that time until Romania began having a negative growth rate in the early 1990s.